For the first time, hundreds of people suffering from persistent heartburn or acid reflux will be able to access a novel “sponge on a string” test at their local high-street pharmacies. NHS England is launching a pilot program aimed at preventing oesophageal cancer by identifying individuals with Barrett’s oesophagus, a condition where stomach acid damages the lining of the oesophagus, potentially leading to cancerous cell growth.
Starting early next year, approximately 1,500 people in London and the East Midlands will be offered these “heartburn health checks.” The test involves swallowing a small capsule attached to a string. Once the capsule reaches the stomach, it dissolves, leaving behind a tiny sponge — roughly the size of a 1p coin — which is then gently retrieved through the string. This sponge collects cells from the oesophageal lining, which are sent to a lab for analysis.
Currently used in hospitals and community diagnostic centres to reduce the need for invasive endoscopies, this test will now be offered in pharmacies. Pharmacists will identify individuals frequently purchasing over-the-counter heartburn remedies but who have not sought advice from their GPs.
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The pilot will run over two years, with the potential for a wider rollout thereafter. Professor Peter Johnson, NHS National Cancer Director, highlights the convenience of the test, stating, “Bringing this to where people shop makes it easier than ever to detect worrying symptoms early. For most with persistent reflux, these quick checks provide reassurance, while those diagnosed with Barrett’s oesophagus will receive regular monitoring to catch any cellular changes promptly.”
If pre-cancerous cells are detected, treatments such as endoscopy or radiofrequency ablation can be offered to remove them. With nearly 10,000 cases of oesophageal cancer diagnosed annually in the UK—80% of which are detected late—the need for early diagnosis is paramount, as only 20% of patients survive beyond one year.
Eddie, 77, from Suffolk, credits the test for potentially saving his life after years of ongoing heartburn. “It used to wake me at night, but I thought it was just normal,” he recalls. “Swallowing the capsule was simple and gave me insight into my health I never expected. Discovering my Barrett’s oesophagus meant I was monitored closely, allowing early treatment that stopped progression to cancer. This test gave me peace of mind and possibly saved my life.”
The NHS has collaborated with Boots, diagnostics firm Cyted Health, and Heartburn Cancer UK to implement this pilot. Public Health Minister Ashley Dalton remarks, “This 10-minute pharmacy test delivers life-saving potential by detecting warning signs before cancer develops—a game changer for public health. Our commitment to innovation will drive improved cancer survival rates and ensure convenient care closer to home.”