Dog owners are being urged to stay vigilant as cases of kennel cough—a highly contagious respiratory infection—are increasing with the onset of colder weather. While many enjoy the comforts of autumn and winter, this season often brings a spike in illnesses affecting both humans and pets alike.
Kennel cough, also known as the “honking cough,” spreads rapidly in environments where dogs gather, such as kennels, doggy daycares, and parks. It transmits through direct contact, airborne droplets, and contaminated surfaces. Although healthy adults usually recover quickly, puppies, older dogs, and those with compromised immune systems face greater risks of severe symptoms and prolonged contagiousness.
The infection is commonly caused by viruses and bacteria like Bordetella bronchiseptica and the canine parainfluenza virus. Signs include a distinctive harsh, hacking, honking cough which may produce gagging or foaming at the mouth. This cough often worsens at night, during physical activity, or when a collar irritates the dog’s neck.
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Other symptoms include retching, sneezing, nasal discharge, watery or runny eyes, mild lethargy, and in more severe cases, fever and loss of appetite. Most dogs remain alert and continue eating, but if the cough becomes wet, breathing becomes difficult, or the dog refuses food, immediate veterinary attention is critical.
Dogs typically remain contagious for two to three weeks after symptoms begin. Owners should isolate infected pets during this period and continue to keep them apart from other dogs for an additional week after coughing stops to prevent further spread. Vulnerable dogs may be infectious for longer durations, especially if their immune systems are weakened by poor nutrition, stress, or environmental factors like smoke and dust.
Kennel cough usually resolves within one to three weeks, but some symptoms can linger for up to six weeks. Owners should seek veterinary advice if their dog’s condition worsens or shows signs of pneumonia, which is a risk for young, elderly, or immunocompromised dogs.
Vaccination remains the most effective preventative measure. Pet owners are encouraged to discuss kennel cough vaccines with their vets, which may be administered via nasal spray, oral dose, or injection. Additionally, maintaining clean and well-ventilated kennels can reduce the risk of infection.
While no specific diagnostic test exists for kennel cough, vets diagnose it based on clinical symptoms. Mild cases generally improve with rest, hydration, and sometimes humidified air. More severe infections may require cough suppressants or antibiotics. Avoiding exposure to smoke and cold air also helps support recovery.
By recognizing symptoms early and taking preventive steps, pet owners can help ensure their dogs stay healthy throughout the colder months.