Scarlet fever primarily affects young children and, although easily treated with antibiotics, it can become dangerous if left unchecked. Early symptoms often resemble a common cold or flu, making it important for parents to recognize the distinctive signs.
The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has issued a reminder on social media, encouraging parents to be vigilant for key symptoms of scarlet fever. These include:
- A red rash that typically begins on the chest and stomach before spreading
- Raised bumps on the skin that feel rough, like sandpaper
- A “strawberry tongue,” where the tongue appears red, swollen, and covered with distinctive bumps
- Reddened cheeks without a rash on the face
- Peeling skin as the rash fades, similar to a sunburn peeling
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Scarlet fever most commonly affects children between the ages of two and eight, with around 30,000 cases diagnosed annually in the UK. While complications are rare thanks to effective antibiotic treatment, untreated scarlet fever can lead to serious conditions such as ear infections, throat abscesses, sinusitis, pneumonia, meningitis, and rheumatic fever.
The rash usually appears within 12 to 48 hours following initial flu-like symptoms. If scarlet fever is suspected, a GP will perform diagnostic tests such as a throat swab or blood test. A positive diagnosis typically results in a course of antibiotics, which not only speed recovery but also reduce the risk of spreading the infection to others.
Children remain contagious throughout their illness and for up to 24 hours after starting antibiotics. Without treatment, they can remain contagious for up to three weeks.
Parents should promptly seek medical advice if these symptoms are observed to ensure timely treatment and reduce the risk of complications.