The NHS has highlighted Raynaud’s phenomenon, a frequent condition where fingers and toes change colour in response to cold, anxiety, or stress. While usually harmless, these symptoms can occasionally point to underlying health concerns that require medical attention.
In a recent post on X (formerly Twitter), the NHS explained: “Raynaud’s causes poor blood flow to your fingers and toes. When you’re cold, anxious or stressed, your fingers and toes may change colour.”
Raynaud’s occurs when blood vessels overly constrict in response to cold or stress, temporarily limiting blood flow. Typical symptoms include fingers and toes turning white or blue, numbness, tenderness, and tingling sensations. Less commonly, areas like the ears, lips, nose, and nipples may be affected. These episodes can last from a few minutes to several hours.
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Most of the time, Raynaud’s is an inconvenience that can be managed by keeping warm, staying physically active, and maintaining a healthy diet. However, the NHS advises consulting a GP if specific warning signs appear, such as severe or worsening symptoms.
If symptoms become severe, doctors may prescribe medications like nifedipine, which helps improve circulation by relaxing blood vessels. Some patients take the medication daily, while others use it seasonally to prevent attacks during cold weather. In certain cases, a GP might recommend tests to rule out more serious conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
In addition to medication, lifestyle changes can help reduce the frequency and severity of Raynaud’s attacks. The NHS recommends quitting smoking and limiting caffeine intake—found in tea, coffee, cola, and chocolate—as these can trigger symptoms.
Raynaud’s attacks typically cause a sequence of colour changes: starting with pale or white fingers and toes due to restricted blood flow, followed by a blue or purple hue as oxygen levels drop, and finally a red flush as circulation returns. Attacks may be accompanied by stinging or throbbing pain during the warming phase.
Symptoms vary widely: some people experience only occasional episodes, while others may have daily attacks. Though usually manageable, persistent or severe symptoms warrant professional evaluation.