Paracetamol is a trusted remedy for relieving aches, pains, and reducing fever, making it one of the most commonly purchased over-the-counter medications in the UK, with around 200 million packets sold every year. Despite its widespread use and general safety, it is not suitable for everyone without prior medical consultation.
The NHS advises that certain individuals should always seek medical guidance before taking paracetamol to avoid potential adverse effects. This caution is especially important for anyone who has had allergic reactions to medications, including paracetamol, as well as those with a history of liver or kidney problems.
Additional groups who should consult a healthcare professional include people:
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- Taking blood-thinning medications like warfarin
- Being treated for epilepsy or tuberculosis
- Using other prescribed medicines that may interact with paracetamol
Paracetamol is available in various forms: tablets, capsules, syrup, powders, and suppositories. While 500mg tablets are widely available over the counter, the higher 1g tablets require a prescription, usually for long-term pain management. The medication can also be combined with other painkillers or anti-sickness drugs in cold and flu remedies.
Generally, paracetamol can be safely taken alongside other painkillers such as ibuprofen, aspirin, or codeine, provided they do not also contain paracetamol. Mixing two medicines that both contain paracetamol increases the risk of overdose. The typical adult dosage is two 500mg tablets every four to six hours, not exceeding eight tablets in a 24-hour period.
Recent research from the University of Nottingham has raised concerns about the prolonged use of paracetamol in older adults. Reviewing medical records of over 180,000 patients aged 65 and above, the study found a significant increase in serious health risks such as heart failure, high blood pressure, stomach ulcers, and kidney damage associated with extended paracetamol use.
Lead researcher Professor Weiya Zhang emphasized the need for caution in prescribing paracetamol as a first-line treatment for chronic conditions like osteoarthritis in seniors, highlighting the medication’s limited long-term pain relief benefits combined with potential risks.
To ensure safe use, always read the packaging of paracetamol-containing products such as Disprol, Hedex, Medinol, and Panadol for specific directions and warnings. When in doubt, consult a healthcare provider before taking paracetamol, especially if you belong to one of the advised groups.