Listeria, a rare but potentially serious bacterial infection, has been linked to a variety of common foods, prompting health officials to issue warnings about increased risks. The infection, known as listeriosis, is primarily contracted by consuming contaminated food products. Though direct transmission through contact with infected individuals or farm animals is possible, these routes are far less common.
While most people experience only mild symptoms or none at all, listeriosis can lead to severe health complications for vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, newborns, older adults, and those with weakened immune systems.
According to recent data from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), England and Wales reported 179 cases of listeriosis in 2024 to date.
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Symptoms of listeriosis vary, ranging from mild gastrointestinal discomfort to more serious signs. Common symptoms include diarrhea, fever, muscle aches, and nausea. Pregnant women might also experience stomach pain or reduced fetal movement. Infected infants may become irritable and exhibit decreased feeding.
It is critical to seek emergency medical care by calling 999 or going to A&E if you or your child exhibit severe symptoms such as persistent vomiting, a stiff neck, severe headache, confusion, or seizures.
Listeria bacteria thrive especially in chilled, ready-to-eat foods that are consumed without further cooking. The UKHSA’s Vanessa Wong highlights that although most cases are mild, the infection can be dangerous to at-risk groups. She advises strict food hygiene practices and avoiding high-risk foods if vulnerable.
The foods with the highest risk of carrying listeria include soft cheeses, pâté, smoked fish, chilled sliced meats, and other chilled ready-to-eat products. Being aware of these can help reduce the chance of infection.